垂体窝及其毗邻结构手术相关显微解剖学研究

Operative relevant microanatomy study of the hypophyseal fossa and parasellar Structure

目的为临床神经外科提供鞍区,尤其是垂体窝边界及其毗邻结构的解剖参数与观察研究。方法用20例汉族成人尸头湿标本、漂白干颅骨15例进行精确显微解剖测量、观察及拍照。结果两前床突间距为(25.2±0.58)mm(20.3～30.0mm);前后床突间距(12.5±1.21)mm(8.1～17.5mm);两后床突间距(12.8±0.87)mm(8.0～17.0mm)。颈内动脉内侧缘与垂体外侧缘间距为(3.8±1.25)mm(2.3～7.1mm)。海绵窦内侧壁为垂体硬膜囊袋的一部分。正常情况下约有20%的垂体侧面向其外侧的海绵窦膨出。结论该显微解剖学研究提供了垂体区的重要解剖参数及其重要毗邻间隙与结构,为临床鞍区肿瘤、尤其是垂体瘤及海绵窦肿瘤的术前诊断、入路选择提供参考。

Objective To supply sellar region,particularly the hypophyseal fossa boundaries and parasellar structural anatomy parameter for clinical neurosurgery.Method20adult cadveric heads and skulls were examined.Result The length between anterior and posterior clinoid processes is12.5mm;The length between two anterior clinoid processes is25.1mm;Length of two posterior clinoid processes is12.8mm.The length between lateral wall of the hypophyseal dural bag and the medial wall of carotid artery is3.8mm.The medial wall of the cavernous sinus is the lateral part of the dural bag enveloping the hypophysis.A lateral expansion of hypophsis into the cavernous sinous was encountered in20%of the specimens.Con clusion This anatomy study provided important anatomy parameter of hypophyseal region and some important landmarks.It is of great interest with respect to surgery of hypophyseal region and cavernous sinus.It is also useful in the preoperative diagnosis and roducing the complications.