论影响力受贿犯罪的司法认定——兼评《刑法》第388条之一

On Judicial Recognition Of Taking Bribes In Influence—comment on article 388(a) of Criminal Law

随着《刑法修正案(七)》的顺利通过,我国刑事法律得到了进一步扩充与完善。《刑法》第388条之一的规定对传统贿赂犯罪的主体做了扩展。与此同时,"近亲属"、"关系密切人"等概念用语因其规定的不统一、用语的模糊性,会给刑事司法带来认定上的困惑。笔者通过对该罪主体、客观行为特征的几个关键点也是模糊地带的详细界定,得出:"近亲属"宜参照《刑事诉讼法》的规定;从"特定关系人"到"关系密切人"用语的转变似乎透露出从形式认定转向实质认定的侧重,这也是司法与立法的不同立场使然。然而刑法的明确性要求亟待相关部门及时对其做出有权界定;"影响力"具体到国内刑法中的含义,仅限于"非权力性影响力"。同时《刑法修正案(七)》通过后可能造成的司法实践中的一些困惑也亟待我国刑事理念、立法在进一步与国际接轨的过程中予以解决。

With the successfully through of Amendment Seven, china' s criminal law had been expanded and improved further.Article 388(a) not only expands the subject of crimes on taking bribes but also puzzles us in criminal judicature.Getting conclusion from detailed definition of fuzzy zones such as the subject,the objective act,etc,the author thought that the range of near relatives should in accordance with stipulations of criminal procedural law and the changes of expressions means that we should put much more attention on substantive provisions. That is just the differences between legislation and judicature.However, the clear principle asks relative departments to make authoritative interpretation immediately,besides that the dilemmas brought by Amendment Seven also need be solved by further connection with International law.