唐古拉山东段布加岗日地区小冰期以来的冰川变化研究

Study on the Glacier Variation in Bujiagangri Section of the East Tanggula Range since the Little Ice Age

对唐古拉山东段布加岗日地区小冰期以来的冰川变化资料进行了分析 ,结果表明 ,该地区小冰期最盛时 (即 15世纪 )冰川总面积和总储量分别为 2 4 1 4 6km2 和 19 6 2 82km3 ,目前其面积和储量分别已减少了 2 3 7%和 15 1% ,并且自小冰期以来有 184条长度大约为 0 6km的小冰川已消失 .该地区各冰川面积和储量的绝对变化量随着冰川规模的增大而增大 ,而其相对变化百分数却是随着冰川规模的增大而减小 .不同方位冰川小冰期以来的平均面积萎缩量、平均末端退缩量和平均末端高程上升量均表明 ,南坡冰川变化的绝对量比北坡的大 .这说明在同一气候变化背景下 ,该地区南坡冰川对于气候变化的响应比北坡冰川敏感 .小冰期以来该地区冰川雪线上升了约 90m ,这大致相当于气温上升约0 6℃ .

Through analyses of the new data of the glacier variation in Bujiagangri Section of the East Tanggula Range since the Little Ice Age (LIA), it was found that the area and volume of the glaciers during the maximum of the LIA, the 15th Century, were 241 46 km 2 and 19 6282 km 3 respectively in the section,which indicates that the glacier area and volume have decreased by 23.7% and 15.1% respectively since then. 184 glaciers with a length of about 0.6 km have been molten away since the LIA. The absolute variation in area and volume of each glacier since the LIA increased and the relative variation decreased with size. The mean area shrinkage, the mean retreat and the mean terminus height rise of the glaciers on the south slopes were larger than that on the north slopes, which implies that the glaciers on the south slopes were more sensitive to climate change than that on the north slopes. Since the LIA, the snow line in this section has risen about 90 m, equivalent to a temperature rise of about 0 6 ℃.