黄土旱原甜菜高产高糖综合栽培技术研究

Integrated cultivation technology for high yield and high sugar content of sugar beet in the loess plateau

通过农艺措施 5因素 5水平正交组合设计试验与单因素试验 ,研究了黄土旱原甜菜高产高糖综合栽培技术。结果表明 ,农艺措施各因素对甜菜块根产量的作用效果依次为播种期 >磷底肥 >氮底肥 >氮追肥 >密度。块根产量 4 5 t/ hm2 的优化方案为播期 4月 5日以前 ,密度 7万株 / hm2 ,底施纯磷 10 4 .8kg/ hm2 ,底施纯氮 135 .1kg/ hm2 ,追纯氮 138kg/ hm2 ;早播和增施磷肥、氮磷配合有利于提高甜菜产量和恢复甜菜后茬肥力 ;应用保全苗新技术 ,能克服保苗障碍因素 ,一保全苗 ;双丰 311和苏垦 8312多倍体杂交种是适宜西部推广应用的优良品种 ;甜菜生长后期打叶一般减产 8.9%～ 2 6 % ,降糖 0 .6～ 1.3度 ,是既减产又减糖的不良习惯 。

Cultivation measure for high yield of sugar beet root were studied by means of 5 factors and 5 levels orthogonal design and single factor experiments. The results showed that the effectiveness of the factors on sugar beet root yield were orders as sowing date, P base, N base, N application and plant density. The optimum scheme for 45 t/hm 2 yield of sugar beet root was sowing before 5, April, 70000 plants/hm 2, pure P base of 104.8 kg/hm 2, pure N base of 135.1 kg/hm 2, applying pure N fertilizer of 138 kg/hm 2; early sowing and applying P fertilizer and the combination of P and N fertilizers was good for improving sugar beet yield and recovering the soil fertility for following crop; employing new methods to take care the seedlings could help seedlings grow strong and uniform ShuangFeng 311 and Sukeng 8312 were good varieties for west region. Cutting leaf at the latter stage of sugar beet development led to the yield reduction by 8.9%～26% and sugar content reduction by 0.6%～1.3% degree.