北方高寒半干旱农牧交错带畜牧业地位问题研究——以河北坝上高原为例

The status of animal husbandry in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in cold semiarid areas in northern China——A case study of Bashang plateau in Hebei province

以河北坝上高原为例 ,对高寒半干旱农牧交错带的畜牧业地位问题进行了研究。结果表明 :该区现行农牧产值统计结果不能反映牧业的生产效益 ,采用有效产值计算方法更能反映农牧生产的真实效果 ;该区有效畜牧产值在 1997～ 1999年仅占农林牧渔产值的 2 8.8% ,比统计结果降低了 17.9个百分点 ,而同期有效农业产值为6 1.8% ,且农业的发展速度更快 ,畜牧业并不是该区的主导产业 ;由于牧业低效 ,区域实行大力退耕还草、恢复牧业为主的发展策略并不可取 ;该区农牧比例应依资源环境与社会经济状况而定 。

The status of animal husbandry in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in cold semiarid region of China was analyzed based on studies in Bashang plateau of northwest Hebei. The results show that it is irrational of present output value statistic method of agriculture and animal husbandry because it can't reflect the profits of agriculture and animal husbandry, and the AOV (available output value) which subtract the value of seed and basic female livestock is better. The AOV of animal husbandry only took up 28.8% of the total output value of farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in 1997～1999 and reduced 17.9 percent point than statistic result, and the agriculture took up 61.8% at the same period and increased 10.8 percent point. Comparing the developing pace, agriculture is faster than animal husbandry. So, animal husbandry isn't predominating industry of the region. It is incorrect to return farmland to grassland and forest excessively in order to protecting ecology and restoring animal husbandry proportion because the profit of animal husbandry production is poor, even adopting cashmere goat which has the highest profit in the region, and returning farmland to grassland should begin in appropriate occasion and have a rational scale. The proportion of agriculture and animal husbandry should be determined by the interaction between ecological and economic profit, andthe most important thing of agriculture and animal husbandry production in the region is to improve profit and not the proportion.