五行—五脏的配属过程

Descriptions of the Relationship between the Five Elements and Five Organ

五行与五脏的配属经过了一个从哲学到医学的转变过程。就哲学而言，则经过了从古文经学到今文经学的演变：木、火、土、金、水五行，古文经学分别配以脾。肺、心、肝、肾，今文经学分别配以肝、心、脾、肺、肾。就医学而言，又经过了从《内经》前医学到《内经》医学的演变。汉初马王堆医学帛书已有了五行痕迹，汉文帝时名医淳于意已开始运用五行分析病证，有了五行一五脏配属的苗头，但均还没有五行与五脏的系统配属。《黄帝内经》系统地记载了医学五行一五脏学说，其配法与个文经学配法相同，体现了五时一五脏观念。

The relationships between the five elements and five organs were described in different ways in philosophy and in edcine. Wthin the domain of philosophy, the relationships were descrital in different ways in ancient studies of Confucian classics and in their modem studies. In the ancient studies, the five elements, wood, fire, earth, metal and water, were believed to correspond to the five organs, spleen, lung, heart, liver and kidney respectively; while, in the modem studies, they were believed to correspond to the liver, heart, spleen, lung and kidney respectively. Withen the field of medicine, these relationships were described in different ways bore and after the book Neijing (The Canon of Intemal Medicine) was written. Before Neijing, in the silk medical books found in Mawangdui, written in the early years of Han Dynasty, there was some mention of the five elements. Later Chun Yuyi, a well -known doctor in the years of Emperor Han Wen, started to mak diagnosses using the five elements, indicating an early undrstanding of the relationships between these elements and five organs But there was no systematic description of the relationships unil Neijing,which systematically these relationships, and the decription was the sare as that given in the modern studies of Cotheian classics which firmly established and recognized these relationships.