现代化研究与中国历史学的创新

Study on Modernization and Innovation of Chinese History Study

2 0世纪 ,特别是 80年代以后的中国近现代史研究 ,在研究方法和内容构成上都有很多的创新 ,其中现代化研究的出现和发展 ,可以说是最具影响力的一种创新 ,其影响所及不仅仅在于具体的研究内容和研究视角的开拓和创新 ,而且影响到整个近现代史研究体系。在研究的主体线索方面 ,从阶级斗争、反帝斗争的主线向社会发展的主线转变 ;在研究的解释体系方面 ,从一味地以阶级性、革命性和民族性为评判标准 ,转向评判其是否能够推进社会、经济和文化的发展 ,是否符合人类及其社会的发展、进步的方向 ;在研究的内容结构方面 ,从以研究重大政治事件为主 ,转向兼顾社会、经济、文化、科技、中外关系等各个方面 ,并分析其现代性、科学性、合理性和世界性。

In the twentieth century, especially after the eightieth, a lot of innovations in reearch methods and contents have arisen in Chinese modern history study, among which the study of modernization is the most influential one, because this study does not only expand the research contents and angles, but also has impact on the whole system of modern history study. The thread of the research has changed from class struggle and anti imperialism struggle to social development; the explanation system has been transferred from class, revolution and nation criteria to a new one, which puts emphasis on whether certain people or events can promote the social, economic and cultural development, and be compatible with the direction of social progress; its research content used to focus on major political events, while now it covers many fields such as society, economy, culture, technology and China's foreign relations, and it also includes analyses from different perspectives.