论回溯推理的模态形式

ON THE MODEL FORM OF RETRODUCTION

回溯推理是一种使用非常广泛的逻辑方法。但是逻辑学界对回溯推理的认识并不一致。传统观点认为 ,回溯推理的逻辑形式是充分条件假言推理的肯定后件式。笔者认为 ,传统的认识有许多缺陷 ,应当对其进行改造 ;回溯推理是一种模态推理 ,并且给出了回溯推理的模态形式 :(□q→ (p q) )→◇p。该逻辑表达式有两个主要特征 :一是推理前提在形式上保真 ;

Retroduction is a widely used logical method .But in the world of logic people are divided about this method. The traditional opinion is that the logic form of retroduction is the form of affirmative consequent of hypothetical inference under ample conditions. The author of this paper holds that there are quite a few drawbacks in the traditional opinion, and therefore it must be reconsidered. Retroduction is a model form of inference which is: (□q→(pq))→◇p. There are two characteristics about this logic form: One is that the truth of the prerequisite of inference must be sustained in form; 2. the conclusion of the inference is of probability.