论元角色的层级关系和语义特征

On the hierarchical relation and semantic features of the thematic roles in Chinese

本文主要讨论汉语动词的各种论元角色的层级关系,详细刻划各种论元角色的动态性的语义特征.首先介绍国外语言学界对于论元、论旨角色、论元位置、论元结构、论旨阶层等概念的定义和认识.然后讨论汉语动词论元结构研究的五个方面的内容(论元数目、论旨角色、句法特征、语义特征、配位方式)及其基本的研究原则和处理技术.接着讨论不同的论元角色之间的关系,建立一个汉语动词论元角色的层级体系;着重描写各别论元角色在述谓结构中所表现出来的动态性的语义特征,也兼及它们各自的句法特征.最后通过实例讨论不同的论元角色在句法上的共现关系和语义上的转化关系.

This paper attempts to describe the hierarchical relation and dynamic semantic features of the thematic roles of verbs in Chinese. Firstly, it introduces some concepts related to argument structure in linguistics abroad, and proposes the contents of the studies of argument structure of verbs in Chinese. Then, it discusses the hierarchical relation between these thematic roles and builds an argument hierarchy in Chinese. And it describes the dynaminc features of these thematic roles in great detail. Finally, it demonstrates the co-occurrence relation and the transformative mechanism of these thematic roles through many examples.