论现代汉语辞书语体的形成因素

On the Forming Factors of Modern Chinese Lexicographical Style

语体的形成有两方面的因素:特定的交际领域和运用语言的综合特点。查检释疑的目的、异常众多的接受对象、无比丰富的表述内容,体现了辞书交际领域的特殊性,是辞书语体交际形成的客观社会基础;准确规范、客现平实、简洁明晰、整齐划一是辞书交际领域制约下的语言运用特点,通过词语、句式、辞格、篇章等因素的独特使用或安排体现出来,是辞书语体形成的标志。

The formation of a style has two kinds of factors: specific communicative field and the comprehensive features of language use. The former is the objective socical basis of the forming of the lexicographical style, i. e. the communicative purpose of consulting and explaining,the various accepters and the richness of content,all of which reflect the uniqueness in the communicative field of lexicographical works. The latter refers to those features of language use under the confinement of the communicative field of lexicographical works, i. e. precision and normality, objectivity and plainness, conciseness and explicitness, regularity and uniformity. Therefore, the formation of the lexicographical style is marked by the specific use or arrangement of words, syntax, figures of speech, discourse, etc.