试论孔子“为政先礼”的治国方略

On Confucius' General Plan of Governing a Nation with the Policy of "Propriety Prior to Administration

孔子生活时代 ,“礼”的政治含义和思想内涵是“礼制”、“礼仪”、“礼治”、“礼俗”。孔子建立“礼”治社会的主张和措施是“礼以教人”、当权者率先“好礼”、“克己复礼”。孔子对“礼制”的创新和改革表现为“损益”西周以来的礼制 ,扩大“礼治”的社会基础 ,向传统的“礼教”

The political implication and ideological connotation of 'propriety' at the time of Confucius' life involved 'ceremonial systems', 'etiquette', 'civil governing', and 'polite folkways'. Confucius' view on and measure for establishing a society governed with 'propriety' consists of 'teaching the people with propriety', 'loving propriety' by personages in power prior to by the ordinary people, and 'restraining oneself with propriety'. Confucius' innovation and reformation of 'civil systems' is shown in 'carrying out the abolition of and increase on' the civil systems since Western Zhou Dynasty, expanding social foundation for 'governing with propriety', and putting forward challenge to traditional 'propriety education'.