二百年来《红楼梦》“一从二令三人木”众解平论

On the Explanations in More Than 200 Years of "Yi Cong Er Ling San Ren Mu" in the Red Chamber Dream

《红楼梦》王熙凤判词中“一从二令三人木”到底为何意 ,是红学二百多年来的一大未解之谜。通观二百多年来出现的 2 8种较有代表性的说法 ,可知大多虽用功甚勤 ,却流于附会 ,繁琐考证 ,索隐猜谜 ,意欲字字坐实 ,反而愈失其真。根据《红楼梦》文本和脂批 ,可以断定 :正是已有诸说中那些看似简单浅白之“解” ,恰可符合作者原意———句中“一”“二”“三”只是序数词 ,“从”、“令”、“人木”预示凤姐人生命运的三大阶段 ,即三大转折 ;其中“人木”用的是“拆字法” ,合起来为“休” ,此与“判词”首句“凡鸟”合为“凤”一样 ,既符合谶语特点 ,得朦胧之美 ,又让人一猜即可意会。《红楼梦》毕竟是小说 ,不是谶纬猜谜之书。而既是“判词” ,则只会言之大概 。

Why that how to explain and understand the sentence of prophesy 'Yi Cong Er Ling San Ren Mu' for Wang Xifen's fate in the Red Chamber Dream,has not been solved during more than 200 years until now?Surveying and reviewing here the 28 typical and representative explanations chosen from all,we can find the reason:almost all the researches have dropt into trying to dig and discover the concealed plots with too complicated facts,but only lost to simply understand the general meaning of the prophesy sentence in the novel,not a prophesy book.We can firmly believe that 'Yi(one)','Er (two)'and 'San (three)'are the ordinal words meaning'first','then'and 'at last',while 'Cong' means'obey','Ling'means'order',and only 'Ren Mu'are the separated words form one word 'Xiu',which means 'out of fate'(ended with her misery fate).