土壤与大气环境中硫行为及其对植物的影响

Sulfur behavior in soil and atmosphere environment and its effect on plants.

阐述了土壤的含硫状况、硫素主要形态、农业生态系统中硫肥的增产效应,大气中含硫化合物的主要来源及行为,对生态系统补偿以及浓度过高对植物的危害等。指出土壤含硫状况因区域和土壤类型而异,土壤硫素形态对植物的有效性明显不同,植物对土壤硫的需求量存在很大差异。在大气环境中硫的主要来源是火山喷发等自然源和含硫燃料(如煤炭)燃烧释放的人为源,植物生态系统与大气环境间存在着碗的交换与平衡,大气SO_2在一定浓度下对生态系统具有重要的补偿效应,浓度过高则对植物生长与生理反应产生一系列的不利影响。

The paper mainly deals with the sulfur contents and its dominant in soils and the yield effects with sulfur fertilizer applied in agro-ecosystems. The major sources and behaviors of sulfur-contained compounds in the atmosphere, the compensatory effects with its optimal concentration and some damages to plants with its excessive contents are discussed as well. It has clearly indicated that soil sulfur contents vary with locations and soil types and the availability of sulfur to plants differs with sulfur status, and some differences in sulfur requirements among plant species also exist. However, sulfur in the atmospheric environment mainly comes from nature resource, e. g. volcanic eruption and anthropogenic one releasing from fossil fuel (coal with high sulfur content). Exchange and some balance of sulfur between the atmosphere and plant ecosystem occur actually. A certain concentration of atmospheric sulfur can provide some supplementary sulfur for plant growth, but an excessive amount must be harmful to the normal growth of plant and it's physiological aspects.