卵形短须螨为害西番莲研究

A study on Brevipalpus obovatus damaging passionflower

首次在福建省南部发现一种为害西番莲的新害螨 ,形态学鉴定为卵形短须螨 (Brevipalpusobovatus Donnadieu) .1 991-1 992年在室内饲养该螨 ,共 8-9代 ,卵期 6.0 -2 5 .0 d,幼螨期 3 .0 -1 4.0 d,若螨 期 2 .0 -1 2 .0 d,若螨 期 5 .0 -2 1 .5 d,产卵前期 2 .0 -3 0 .0 d,以雌成螨越冬 ,其寿命超过 3 0 d,最长达 2个月 .该螨在西番莲上雌雄比大于 2 0 0 0∶ 1 ,主要为孤雌生殖 .调查表明 ,卵形短须螨分布在漳州地区的紫色、黄色种西番莲和新引进的无性系“台农 1号”上 ,主要为害植株成龄叶片 ,田间种群数量高峰期出现在 1 1月份 .

In 1991, Brevipalpus obovatus Donnadieu, a new species of mite, was first found damaging passionflower in Zhangzhou, south Fujian, China. It propagated 8-9 generations annually in laboratory in 1991-1992. Its egg stage ranged 6.0-25.0 days, larva stage 3.0-14.0 days, nymph Ⅰ stage 2.0-12.0 days, nymph Ⅱ stage 5.0-21.5 days, preoviposition stage 2.0-30.0 days, and the female adult longevity exceeded 30 days, longest up to 2 months while overwintering. The sex ratio of female to male was more than 2 000∶1 in passionflower, and reproducing by pathenogenesis mainly. It distributed generally in yellow or purple passionflower and a newly introduced clone 'Tainong No.1' in Zhangzhou. It distroyed mature leaves and the peak of its field population appeared in November. B.obovatus had never been found damaging passionflower elsewhere before.