从语言特征寻找文学意义——文学文体学的一种阐释模式

Seeking literary senses in the linguistic characteristics

绝大多数文学文体学家对文本的阐释模式是 :选择或说寻找语言特征来证实自己对文本意义的假设。这种模式可简写为模式 1:文学意义———寻 找 语言特征。也有少数文体学家的阐释模式恰恰相反 :先描写语言特征 ,然后才进行文本阐释。这种模式可简写为模式 2 :语言特征———寻 找 文学意义。大家一般推崇前一种模式而驳斥后一种 ,认为模式 2远不如模式 1客观。本文则认为 ,语言和意义是共生的 ,独特的语言特征表达了独特的文学意义 ,因此 ,模式 2有自身的存在价值 。

Most of the literary stylists' model of interpreting texts is to select or seek linguistic characteristics to prove their won supposition of textual meanings. This model can be simplified as Model 1 in which literary senses seek linguistic characteristics. There are also a minority of stylists who elaborate the model quite differently. They first describe linguistic characteristics and then conduct the textual interpretation. So this model can also be simplified as Model 2 in which linguistic characteristics seek literary senses. The first model is generally accepted, but the second model is repulsed. Model 2 is not thought to be as objective as Model 1. However, it is held in this essay that language and senses are co-existent and particular linguistic characteristics convey particular literary senses. Therefore, Model 2 has its own value of existence and can not be denied easily.