历史时期晋西北地区人类活动与农牧变迁研究

Study on Human Activities and Changes of Agro-pastoral From Western Jin Dynasty to Northern Wei Dynasty in Northwest Shanxi

通过对史料的分析和考证 ,探讨了从西晋至北魏时期晋西北地区人类活动和土地利用方式的变迁。认为 :(1)西晋初年到北魏初年 (AD2 6 6～ 398)的 132年间 ,本区是纯游牧区 ,土地载畜量严重超载。尤其是三国至西晋初以及十六国时期 ,本区载畜量严重超载 ,分别超载为 3～ 4倍和 5倍。 (2 )晋西北以至整个黄河中游生态环境的恶化 ,应始于历史时期之初 ,而不能完全归咎于明。

Based on analysis and investigation,the authors discussed human activities and land utilization changes in northwest areas of Shanxi Province from Western Jin Dynasty to Northern Wei Dynasty.Some results are as follows.(1)From Western Jin Dynasty to Northern Wei Dynasty (266 AD-398) about 132 years,this area belongs to nomadization region,its livestock amount beyond the supportavitity of land,especially in The Three Kingdoms to Western Jin Dynasty and The Sixteen Kingdoms period,the situation was more serious.(2)Northwest of Shanxi Province,even the whole middle reaches of the Yellow River,its deterioration of ecological environment was start at the beginning of historic period,and the farming in Ming and Qing Dynasty should not account for it.