科学管理草地生态系统对青海经济发展的重要性

The importance of sientific management in meadow ecosystem for development of Qinghai province economics

草地生态系统不但为人类供给食物、饲料、药物等社会经济发展的重要资源 ,而且也提供许多工业技术难以替代的公益 ,包括净化空气和水体、缓解洪涝和干旱、生产土壤及维持肥力、分解废物、保持生物多样性、调节气候等。草地生态系统是青海省分布最广的自然生态系统 ,因此草地生态系统经营是全省经济发展的重要支柱之一 ,也是影响长江、黄河流域生态环境稳定及居民生活的重要因素。由于过度放牧、人为破坏等不合理经营 ,青海草地生态系统的可持续能力已经受到严重破坏 ,采取合理高效的发展策略 。

Meadow ecosystems services not only supply human societies with the production of ecosystem goods, such as food, forage and pharmaceutical, which represent important and familiar parts of the economy, but also natural ecosystems perform fundamental life-support services including the purification of air and water, mitigation of droughts and floods, regeneration of soil fertility, detoxification and decomposition of wastes, production and maintenance of biodiversity, regulation of climate, without which human civilization world cease to thrive. Meadow ecosystem is most extensive natural ecosystem in Qinghai province, and plays important roles in local economical development, environment stability and live condition of Changjiang and Yellow River drainage area, but human activities such as over-grazing and reclamation have been impairing the ecological function of natural ecosystem and sustainable ability on a large scale. There is a critical need for protection and scientific management to meadow ecosystems by powerful policy measures.