健康教育促进学生自觉预防血吸虫病的研究

STUDY ON HEALTH EDUCATION PROMOTING STUDENTS TO PROTECT CONSCIOUSLY FROM SCHISTOSOMIASIS

用录像和课本对中小学生实施预防血吸虫病的干预,结果显示,干预前,两组学生血吸虫病预防知识都非常缺乏。干预后,实验组和对照组钉螺认识率分别为99.33％和37.38％,认为血吸虫病能预防者分别为99.83％和74.42％,认为不到有螺地带下水才能预防者分别为99.50％和35.52％。问卷调查行为依从率分别为99.50％和39.61％,现场观察实际行为依从率分别为73.81％和7.32％,实验组也非常明显高于对照组。实验组接触疫水人数比干预前减少62.07％,对照组则上升11.76％;实验组血吸虫病感染率比干预前下降了44.49％,对照组则上升了50.00％。上述结果表明,实验组已经掌握了血吸虫病预防知识,建立了预防信念,改变了接触疫水的危险行为,血吸虫病感染率有了一定程度的下降,本次研究中的干预是有效的。

The intervention of protection from schistosomiasis was carried out for the students of primary and middle schools. The result indicaded that the knowledge of protection from the disease was shortage befoe in tervention. After intervention, in the investigation and control groups respectively, people known the snail account for 99.33% and 37.38%, people known than schistosomiasis can be provented account for 99.83% and 74.42%, people known protection from schistosomiasis by uncontacting with infested-water account for 99.50% and 35.52%, being higher markedly in the investigation than in control group. Ratio of compliance of behaviour are 99.50% and 39.61% by a questionniare and are 73.81% and 7.32% by survey in the field respectively being markedly higher in the investigation group than in control one. There is a decrease of 62.7% for people contacting with infested-water in the investigation group after intervention, but a increase of 11.76% in the control group after intervention. There is a decrease of 44.49% for infection rate of schitosomiasis in the investigation group after intervention, but a increase of 50.00% in the control group. The result above-metioned showed that people in the investigation mastered knowledge of schistoso-miasis control and established the attitude of provention and modified the risk behaviours of contacting with infested-water, and the infection rate of schistosomiasis decreased in greater and lesser extent, which showed the intervention being effect.