杀虫丁室内和现场实验杀螺效果观察

OBSERVATION ON THE MOLLUSCICIDAL EFFECT OF SHACHONGDING [(DIMETHYLAMINE) TRITHACYCLOHEXANE HYDROCHLORIDE] AGAINST ONCOMELANIA HUPENSIS SNAILS IN LABORATORY AND MARSHLAND FIELD

目的评价杀虫丁实验室和现场杀螺效果,探索有效灭螺剂量及影响灭螺效果的有关因素。方法以杀虫丁为实验组、氯硝柳胺为实验对照组、清水为空白对照组,捕捉野外钉螺在室内进行浸杀和喷洒实验,并选择有螺滩地进行现场浸杀和喷洒实验,观察比较不同浓度、作用时间和温度下钉螺校正死亡率。结果室内浸杀杀虫丁1.0mg/L浓度组浸杀72h后钉螺校正死亡率为54.55％,显著低于同浓度的氯硝柳胺组(P<0.01);室内喷洒杀虫丁1.0g/m^2浓度组喷洒72h后钉螺校正死亡率为80.0％,杀螺效果也不及氯硝柳胺(P<0.05);现场浸杀杀虫丁杀螺效果与室内相似,但现场喷洒1.0g/m^2浓度组15d后钉螺校正死亡率达77.10％,与氯硝柳胺组相比差异无统计学意义,而1.25g/m^2浓度组钉螺校正死亡率高于相应的氯硝柳胺组。杀虫丁杀螺效果受温度和作用时间影响较明显,但杀虫丁具有较强抑制钉螺爬动作用。结论杀虫丁适合现场喷洒灭螺,浓度以1.0～1.25g/m^2、气温在25℃为宜。

Objective In order to evaluate the molluscicidal effect of Shachongding against Oncomelania hupensis in laboratory and marshland field, to explore its effective dosage and the factors of influence on snail control. Methods90% Shachongding was immersed and spray against Oncomelania hupensis in the laboratory and the marshland f(?)d Niclosamide (50% wettable powder of ethnolamine salt) and fresh water were used same ways against snails as experimental control and spare control. Results The corrected snail mortality was 54.55%, 80.0% at a concentration of 1.0mg/L and 1.0g/m^2 of Shachongding by immersion and spray method respectively for 72 hours in the laboratory. The corrected snail mortality in Niclosamide group was higher than that in Shachongding group under same dosage and condition. In the field, the mollusciciding effect of immersion with Shachongding was similar to that in the laboratory. But The corrected snail mortality reached 77.10% at dosage of 1.0g/m^2 of Shachongding by spray method for 15 days in the field. There were no significant differences between experimental group and experimental control group. The temperature and time were main factors that impacted on mollusciciding effect. Compared with Niclosamide, Shachongding on the role of restricting snail crawl was much stronger. Conclusion Shachongding is suit for spraying as an effective molluscicide in the field at a dosage of 1.0～1.25g/m^2 at 25℃.