从“结合”走向“疏离”:大学“教学”与“科研”关系的历史解读

From "Combination" to "Separation":A Historical Analysis on the Relationship between College Teaching and Research

民族国家、社会需求等外部逻辑对大学教师职业活动内容的持续影响,大学作为教育机构育人使命的唯一性与大学教师职业责任取向多元化之间张力的持久维持,见证了大学教学与科研从"结合"走向"疏离"的历史。重新诠释"教学与科研相结合"的教育价值,回归大学教育之道;重新设计基于大学教师"教学与科研相结合"的教师聘任、发展与评价体系,回归大学教师职业之道,已成为当代大学改革与教师发展的基本议题。

Teaching and research have witnessed a change from 'combination' to 'separation' in history.On the one hand,it is due to the influence of external forces, such as the nation-state and social demands,on the professional activities of college teachers.On the other hand,the tension between the unitary feature of teaching mission of colleges as educational institutions and the pluralistic characteristics of college professors' professional duties also contributed to this process.Important themes have emerged in contemporary university reform and professional development,such as how to redefine the educational value of 'college teaching and research' so as to return to the educational purpose of college and how to redesign the system of teachers' employment,development and evaluation so as to return to the professional career of college professors.