影响城乡学生学习成绩差异的家庭因素及作用机制

Family Factors and Effect Mechanism of Academic Achievement between Urban and Rural Students

运用4010名安徽省初三学生家庭与中考成绩数据,考察城乡学生学习成绩差异的家庭原因与作用机制。结果发现:社经地位不仅对学习成绩具有直接影响,还通过影响课内学习资源、家长学习期望、家长学习参与等家庭资本变量而对学习成绩产生间接影响。农村学生在家庭社经地位、课内学习资源、家长学习期望、家长学习参与上均显著低于城市学生,这是造成城乡学生学习成绩差异的重要原因。

By means of a longitudinal design,this paper uses data of 4010 9th grade students'score from advanced middle school entrance test in Anhui province,to study the family factors and effect mechanism which caused academ ic achievement gap between urban and rural area.The results shows that the so cio-economic status not only directly affected academic achievements,but also indirectly affected it through family capital variable,such as in-class learning resources,parents'leaning expectations and parents'leaning participation.The rural students were significantly lower than urban ones on the socio-economic status,in-class learning resources,parents'leaning expectation,parents'lean ing participation,which were the important reasons of the differentials between urban and rural students'academic achievements.