从结构主义到问责主义:大学治理研究范式转型

University Governance Paradigm Shifts: From Structuralism to Accountability

大学治理研究始于20世纪60年代的美国,直至21世纪前10年,结构主义范式占据主导地位,研究重点是在参与原则指导下寻找一种理想的治理结构来满足校内外的民主需求。20世纪90年代开始,研究者在反思结构主义范式的局限性的基础上,开始转向问责主义范式,在效率主义指导下寻找合适的结构进而提高治理绩效。完善大学治理结构是提高大学有效治理的必要而非充分的条件,大学治理研究范式转型目的是提高大学治理的有效性。大学治理研究的学术增长点是如何提高治理绩效,以及如何评价大学治理绩效。

Research on university governance in the United States began in the 1960s. Until the last decade of the 20th century, the structuralist research paradigm which aims to abide by the participatory principle in the governance structure to meet the needs of internal and external democracy has been dominant in the field. Since the 1990s, researchers began to shift towards the paradigm of accountability due to the limitations of structuralism. The accountability paradigm aims to find an appropriate structure and improve governance performance under the principle of efficiency. Completing the university governance structure is a necessary but not sufficient condition to improve university governance. The purpose of the university governance research paradigm shift is to improve the effectiveness of university governance. How to improve and evaluate governance performance opens a new field in university governance research.