无刷直流电动机的无位置传感器控制

Review of sensorless control of brushless DC motor

无刷直流电动机的机械位置传感器影响着整个系统的可靠性、成本和体积,甚至在某些场合根本无法安装,因此无刷直流电动机的无机械传感器转子位置检测方法成为近年来学术界的研究热点。分析了目前国内外文献中所介绍的无位置传感器无刷直流电动机控制技术中十种位置检测方法的原理、特点和适用范围,并针对起动方法、控制芯片及其在实际中的应用等相关技术的发展作了现状分析和展望,这些技术的发展可使无刷直流电动机无位置传感器控制系统获得更好的性能。

Mechanical position sensors of BLDCM have several drawbacks, such as low reliability, high cost and usage limitation in some environments, so the experts focus on the sensorless control techniques. In this paper various sensorless position detection methods, including their principles, characteristics, as well as the related techniques, including the starting methods, control I.C.s and practical applications, of the sensorless BLDCM control are reviewed. With development of these techniques, higher performances of the brushless DC motor sensorless control can be achieved.