不同海拔高度240名健康妇女月经情况的对比观察

Comparative Study of Menstruation in 240 Healthy Women at Various Altitudes

采用中医四诊方法对西宁(海拔2260m)、玉树扎多(海拔4300m)两个不同海拔地区240名健康妇女进行月经、经期症状、舌象、脉象的对照观察。其结果:月经随海拔增高呈现初潮时间推迟(P<0.005)、周期延长、行经时间缩短、经量明显显减少(P<0.005),经色由鲜红转为暗红等趋势。经期症状随海拔增高而增多,程度加重。绝经年龄随海拔增高有所提前。舌质色泽随海拔增高由淡红转晴红或紫暗。脉象随海拔,增高非数脉类例数减少,数脉类例数增多。表明在高原缺氧环境下,月经随海拔增高发生明显生理变化。究其病机主要是气虚、寒凝、血滞、脏腑功能失调等。

To assess the relation of menstrual physiologic functions and altitudes,the authors made a comparative study of 240 healthy women with four diagnostic methods on traditional Chinese medicine and ohtained their menstrual changes,picture of tongue and type of pulse in Xining(西宁, 2260m) and Yushu Zhaduo (玉树扎多,4300m).The results suggested that the menarche which occurred before 15 years old (P<0.005),the menstruation cycle of 16～25 days (P<0.05),and moderate quantity menstruation (P<0.005) are found more in the Xining group than in the Zhaduo group;the menstrual phase in the Xining group lasted 4～7 days and 1～3 in the Zhaduo group.The incidence of abdominal pain,cold,and lumbago increased significantly in the Zhaduo group and,the symptoms were serious.The age of menostasia after 46 was 100% in the Xining group,whereas 27.3% of the Zhaduo group had menostasia at the age of 36～45.The colour of tongue varied from darker red to pink with increasing altitudes (P<0.005).Meanwhile,cases of rapid pulse increased (P<0.005).It is concluded that the physiology of menstruation for healthy women has obviously changed under high altitude hypoxic environment.The mechanism of pathology could be explained by dysfunction of Zang(脏) and Fu(腑).deficiency of Qi(气),stagnation of blood and Qi stasis due to cold.Treatment and Prevention of menstrual disorders of women at high altitudes could be carried out by invigorat- ing Qi,regulating blood,promoting the flow of Qi,by warming the channel and regulating Zang and Fu,etc.