紫球藻的研究进展

Progress in the Studies of Porphyridium sp

紫球藻是多种天然产物的来源，特别是硫酸多糖。本文就近年来紫球藻生理活性物质中的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA)、多糖和规模培养的研究进展作一综述。内容涉及二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和花生四烯酸(AA) 的分离纯化和测定方法，三酰甘油（TAG）对高不饱和脂肪酸、半乳糖脂合成的贡献。紫球藻多糖具有抗病毒、抑制病毒复制，对单疱疹病毒 １ 型和 ２ 型 ( HSV1, 2 ) 及水痘－带状疱疹病毒 (VZV) 有明显的抗性，它能降低白来亨鸡的血清胆固醇水平和改善蛋黄脂肪酸组成，改变雄性 Sprague-Dawley 鼠肠形态和降低血清胆固醇水平。紫球藻的规模培养包括采用室外大规模玻璃平板式反应器、气升式反应器、改进型气升式反应器、管式反应器等。

：The red microalga Porphyridium sp is a source of many natural products, in particular sulfated polysaccharides. This paper concerns an attempt to review R & D Porphyridium on polyunsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharide, scale-up culture. The downstream processing, purification and determination of arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the role of triacylglycerols (TAG) as a reservoir of polyunsaturated fatty acids and TAG contribution to the biosynthesis of eukaryotic galactolipids of Porphyridium are studied. The sulphated polysaccharide of Porphyridium has impressive antiviral activity against Herpes simplex viruses of types 1 and 2 ( HSV1, 2 ) and Varicella zoster virus (VZV). Biomass of Porphyridium reduces the blood cholesterol level and modifies the fatty acid composition in egg yolk of White Leghorn chickens, and also soluble polysaccharide and biomass alter intestinal morphology and reduce the serum cholosterol in Sprague-Dawley rats. Outdoor mass culture in flat-plate glass reactors, airlift reactor, modified airlift reactor and tubular reactor has been applied in the cultivation of Porphyridium of scale.