分布式冰雪融水雨水混合水文模型

Distributed hydrological model for watersheds supplemented with melted snow and glacier water and rainfall

在以冰雪融水雨水混合补给为主的流域中 ,产流空间分布的不均匀性十分突出 .为此 ,建议一种基于数字高程模型 (DEM)和地理信息系统 (GIS)的网格式空间分布水文模型 .该模型可在分别考虑不同网格的热量和水分状态的基础上计算产流和汇流 ,并在乌鲁木齐河山区流域上得到应用 。

In a watershed mainly supplemented with melted snow and glacier water and rainfall, the spatial distribution of runoff is seriously uneven over the whole region, so a GIS and DEM based distributed hydrological model is developed to analyze the spatial distribution. The present model takes the elevation as a major factor influencing the heat and moisture states of the watershed. The model is grid based, and all the runoff and confluence are calculated for each grid respectively. With the model, the hydrological behavior of a watershed can be well simulated. Finally, a case study by the suggested model is presented on the mountain areas of the Urumqi River Basin.