有闸分汊河口的水动力模拟

Hydrodynamic simulation for furcated estuaries with water gates

将水工建筑物的过流公式离散成与Saint Venant方程离散式相同的格式 ,用节点水位控制法建立了能应用于有闸分汊河口水动力研究的一维河网数学模型 .计算表明 ,增长导流墙和减少闸下淤积能减小导流墙末合流处的横向水位差 ,从而减小合流处的横向流速 ,调顺水流方向 ,消减导流墙两侧水流的相互顶托 .计算所得的分流量及分流比能为枢纽的合理布局 ,包括闸孔尺度及其数量 ,提供依据 .模型还可根据水利枢纽实际要求 。

Through discretization of the runoff equation of hydraulic structures into the same discrete form as the Saint Venant equation, a 1 D mathematical model of river networks for hydrodynamic research of furcated estuaries with water gates is established based on the junction water level control method. The simulated results show that the increase of the length of guide walls and decrease of siltation under water gates can improve the flow condition at the end of guide walls. The diversion volume and diversion ratio calculated by the model can provide a basis for reasonable arrangement of hydro projects, including the determination of the size of gate openings and the number of gates at each furcated estuary. Besides, the model can be applied to gate adjustment and control design according to practical requirement of hydro projects.