田兴恕与咸同之交的晚清时局

Tian Xingshu and the Current Political Situation of the Late Qing Dynasty at the Meet of Xianfeng and Tongzhi

本文先是通过对贵阳教案后的中法交涉中的关键问题——田兴恕是否应该“抵偿” 问题的分析，揭示出清政府所实施的一系列交涉策略，其实是它此时不仅要对外妥协，而且还要对内有顾忌的结果。然后通过对教案查办过程中田兴恕屡屡“抗违” 举止的考察，并结合对韩超、恽出临等屡屡为之“说情”、“饰词” 的表现的分析．展现出军功阶层在当时所具有的“能量”。最后通过对四位办案疆臣在查办教案中种种“推诿”、“迁延”之举的考察分析，得出咸同之交军功阶层日益坐大的时局面貌。

This article, first , through analyzing on the key issue during the negotiation between China and France after the Guiyang religionus case-if Tian Xingshu should 'pay it with his life', reveals a series of negotiating tactics implemented by the Qing government. Actually, it was a result that the Qing government not only had to compromise with the exteral threat, but also had to scruple at the domestic situation. Second, through analyzing on the action of the resistance made by Tian over and over again during the course of handling religious case, and the manifestation which Han Chao and Yun Shliing and others interceded for him and pleaded innocence for him, this article displays the energy which the Military exploit class posscssed at that time. Finally, thorugh analyzing on the action of buckpassing and delay which four stadholders had made during the course of handling case, we can draw a conclusion: the political appearance of the Milltary exploit class had become stronger and stronger at the meet of Xianfeng and Tongzhi.