走向理性化的国家赔偿制度——以刑事司法赔偿为视角

The State Compensation system in the Process of Being Rationalized——from the Visual Angle of Criminal Judicial Compensation

国家赔偿制度作为人权保障的一项重要法律制度 ,是衡量一个国家文明、法治程度的重要标志 ,而我国《国家赔偿法》无论是在宏观立法体例方面 ,还是在微观上的国家赔偿范围、赔偿标准、归责原则、赔偿程序等方面均存在严重的缺失和不足 ,因此 ,完善和规范我国国家赔偿制度 ,强化其人权保护功能 ,扩大国家赔偿范围 ,提高国家赔偿标准 ,规范国家赔偿程序 ,增强可操作性 ,已成为司法实务的迫切需要。

As an important legal system for human rights protection, the state compensation system can be seen as a primary symbol for the extent of civilization and democracy in a certain country Nevertheless, there are severe deficiencies and limitations in China State Compensation Law, whether in macroscopical aspects including legislation mode or in microcosmic ones such as the scale of state compensation, the standard of compensation, principles for responsibility ascertainment, the procedure of compensation, etc Therefore, it has been an urgent need to improve and standardize state compensation system in China, including enhancing its function of human rights protection, enlarging the scale of state compensation, boosting its standard, standardizing the procedure and increasing its practicability