趋异与求同——中俄两国学校体育走向的比较研究

Differences and similarities——a comparative study on the tendency of school sports in China and Russia

通过对中俄两国中小学体育及其教学走向 4个方面的比较研究 ,考察在国际学校体育改革和发展的背景下 ,两国在计划经济向市场经济过渡时期学校体育的基本走向 ,分析探讨当代学校体育发展的基本趋势。这种趋势是 :学校体育在指导思想上 ,正在由手段主导论转向目的主导论 ;学校体育在作用对象上 ,正在由强调客体转向强调主体 ;学校体育在组织管理上 ,正在由人治走向法治 ;学校体育在实施策略上 ,正在由统一性转向灵活性 ;学校体育在时间范围上 ,正在由学生阶段转向终身 ;学校体育在空间范围上 ,正在由学校扩大到整个社会。

Through the comparative studies on 5 items of sports teaching in primary school and secondary school in China and Russia,under the reform and development of school sports in the world,the paper reviews the development of school sports during the time from planned economy to market economy and analyses the basic development tendency of the school sports at modern time. The guided ideology shifts from means dominant theory to aim dominant theory. The operation object,from emphasizing object to emphasizing subject. The administration,from the rule by people to the rule by law. The tactics,from the unity to the flexibility. Time duration from schooltime to lifelong. And the scope is from school to society.