反导条约与美国的反导计划

The ABM Treaty and U.S. Missile Defense Program

本文对半个世纪以来美国的反导技术研制及反导计划进行了初步探讨。由于反导技术复杂 ,一时难以取得进展 ,所以 30年前美国和苏联签订了反导条约 ,停止了反导部署 ;但其研制工作却一直在继续。此后美国曾开展多种研究 ,但由于要求过高 ,产生了好高骛远、不切实际的问题。前苏联解体后 ,俄罗斯国力削弱 ,不再对美国构成重大威胁 ;而一些第三世界国家却在研制导弹 ,被美国看成威胁。现在美国利用几十年在反导上的经验 。

The article is a summary of the history of U.S. missile defense in the past fifty years. Owing to the extreme difficulties in the technologies, the United States and the Soviet Union signed the ABM Treaty and stopped the deployment in 1972, but the research and development continued. The United States played an important role in the technological race in the decades afterwards, doing a lot of fruitless work. The later disintegration of the Soviet Union gave rise to Russia and some independent republics which are no longer major threats to the United States. Meanwhile, Third World countries began to develop ballistic missiles, constituting new threats even though backward in technological terms. The United States has given notice to Russia in withdrawing from the treaty and will make use of its experience in ABM development to defend itself against missile attacks from the Third World countries.