汉代社会歌舞娱乐盛况及从艺人员构成情况的文献考察

A Study of the Dancers, Singers and their performances in the Han Dynasty

本论文从艺术生产与消费的角度,对汉代社会歌舞娱乐盛况以及从艺人员构成情况进行了详细的文献考察。近四百年的歌舞升平,培育了一个近乎完整的汉代歌诗生产消费系统。受整个社会物质生产水平的限制,两汉社会的歌舞艺术,尤其是专门艺术家的高水平的专业表演,还只能被既富且贵的上层社会所垄断。是他们的歌舞娱乐消费需求,刺激了汉代歌舞艺术的发展,产生了大批以歌舞演唱为生的艺术生产者。他们大都出身于下层社会,从小进行专门的艺术训练,长大后进入宫廷贵族之家。他们是这个社会的主要艺术生产者,大多数人的命运都很悲惨。但正是他们以新的形式、新的内容,引导和满足着汉代社会的歌舞艺术消费。为后世中国歌诗艺术的发展树立了新的典范。

This thesis, starting from the perspective of art producing and consumption, reviews the singing and dancing entertainment and the composition of actors in the Han period. Nearly four hundred years' peace brought about a virtually complete system of the Han dynasty's art production and con- sumption. Restrained by the social development level, singing and dancing art in the Han period, especially the high level performance of the professional artists was still monopolized by the rich and noble classes. Their singing and dancing practice stimulated the development of Han Era' s singing and dancing art and a large number of actors came into being. Most of them came from the lower classes. They underwent special training from childhood and when grew up, entered into royal court and noble families. They were the major art producers of the society, yet most of them had a miserable fate. But it were their new artistic forms and contents that guided and satisfied the singing and dancing art consumption in the Han Era and set a new example for the later poetic art development in China.