黄宗羲“天下之法”的法理分析

Anti-modernity of Huang Zongxi's "Tian Xia Zhi Fa (universal law)"

黄宗羲"天下之法"的法律思想具有明显的反近代性质,不论是"天下之法"的基本内涵,还是"天下之法"的实现方式,抑或是"天下之法"的治理精神等,都表现出了典型的反近代特征。"天下之法"的法律思想,坚持并发展儒家传统的法律观,强调法所以为法的关键是"为天下""为万民"的公共性质,在"法"的秩序内涵和操作系统等工具理性方面,"天下之法"也完全继承了儒家传统的"六经之法"和"先王之法"等观点,强调经学教化是治国之本,圣王救世是基本出路。

Huang Zongxi' s legal concept of ' Tian Xia Zhi Fa ( universal law) ' is apparently anti-modem either in terms of basic implication and way of realization or ruling principles. The legal concept of ' Tian Xia Zhi Fa' maintained and developed traditional Confucian legal concept, and laid importance on its public nature that law is 'Wei Tian Xia (for the world )' and ' Wei Wan Min ( for all people) '. It thoroughly inherited traditional Confucian concepts of 'L/u Jing Zhi Fa ( laws in the six books)' and 'Xian Wang Zhi Fa ( laws of the former rulers) ' and held that the foundation of ruling a nation is education of classics and the essential outlet is the enlightened ruler' s salvation.