明清时期徽州宗族内部的血缘秩序控制

On Interior Consanguineous Order Control of Patriarchal Clan in Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期徽州宗族通过各种形式的制度设计以及对各类制度、规范的积极实践,在反对异族伪冒,限制异族承祧,提倡族内承继等方面取得了一定成效,较好地实现了维持宗族内部血缘秩序稳定的目的。徽州宗族尽管遇到或面临宗法关系松弛、从内部开始瓦解等不利因素,但通过主观努力依旧获得了一定的发展,较为顽强地保持住了继续发展的趋势。通过对血缘这一宗族自身存在与发展的关键要素的讨论,可以较好地揭示在环境变动情形下徽州宗族所显示出的能动性和应变力。

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,in order to keep interior consanguineous order,rules and regulations had been made by patriarchal clan in Huizhou,trying successfully to resist consanguineous imitation by other clan,restrict heir from other clan and encourage heir within clan.Those efforts worked out a bit even though there were negative ele- ments such as loosing patriarchal relationship and disintegration within clan.It is suggested that discussion of consanguin- ity as a key factor in clan help a better understanding d clans in Huihou which show initiative and adaptability in a changing environment.