嘉庆六、七年直隶地区水灾和政府的救灾活动述评

About Flood in Zhili Area and Governmental Relief in the Sixth and Seventh Year of the Reign of Emperor Jiaqing

嘉庆六年永定河决口,直隶地区发生百年不遇的特大水灾,嘉庆政府采取蠲缓钱粮、煮赈、以工代赈、调粟等一系列措施成功组织了此次救灾活动。由于政府高度重视、措施到位、钱粮充足、吏治清廉,救灾成效显著。嘉庆六、七年政府救灾活动有其自身的特点:社会力量参与救灾;政府的救灾手段开始由单纯的行政干预转向使用经济手段;救灾过程中煮赈事例明显增多。

In the sixth year of the reign of Emperor Jiaqing,the worst flood in a century in Zhili area was caused by a bust in the dike of the River Yongding.The government successfully organized relief activities by measures such as ex- emption of tax,relief,employment and allocation and transportation food to the disaster area.The effective result came out of the government's gear attention,timely relief measures,abundant supply and honest officials.That relief has its characteristics:social sectors taking pert in relief;governmental measures changing from simple administrative interfer- ence to economic means;and more cases of charities.