因土成俗：明清江南地区的自然地理环境与葬俗

Customs Natured in Environment:Natural Environment and Burial Customs in Jiangnan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

江南地区水浅土薄的自然地理环境,给人们的营葬提出挑战。为了避免水泉之湿、虫蚁之患,人们从选择葬地、浅土葬埋、灰隔葬法以及葬后培土等方面着手应对,实践证明,综合运用这些葬法,可以在一定程度上避免自然环境带来的不利因素,达到固护棺骸的目的。反映了区域丧葬习俗与自然地理环境之间的重要关系。

Burial Customs in Jiangnan is attributable greatly to natural environment of high groundwater level.Measures were taken to prevent eoffm from groundwater and white ants.People selected burial ground,used hui (a mix of slate grey,sand and clay) to proof groundwater,buried coffin on the ground level and covered it with grave mound to reduce damage from natural environment.It is argued that there is a close connection between burial customs and natural envi- ronment.