近代山东民团研究(1911—1930)

On Militia in Shandong:1911-1930

本文重点论述近代以来,尤其是在1911—1930年间,山东民团兴起的社会背景、组织状况以及其存在的积极作用和弊端及其影响。从而认为,近代山东民团作为一种民众自卫武装力量。一方面在维护基层社会稳定和防御土匪侵扰等方面起了一定的积极作用,但另一方面,随着社会环境的恶化,由于自身存在的缺陷,民团也在一定程度上自觉不自觉地走向土匪化,而民团的土匪化则是近代以来山东"土匪世界"形成的一个重要来源。

This article mainly elaborates social background,organization condition,positive role and malpractice of mili- tia in Shandong from 1911 to 1930.The author argues that the militias in Shandong did play a positive role as a civil self- defense organization in terms of maintenance of local social stability and defense of bandits.But there was also a trend of militia becoming bandit-like consciously or unconsciously because social situation become worse and militia had weakness itself.So,militia was one of the main sources of banditry in modem Shandong nicknamed'Bandit World'.