清代族谱谱例中的女子书法

Change of Female Record in Cases of Genealogy in the Qing Dynasty

清代的女性入谱,分族妇、族女及女性亲属的入谱。一般而言,清人重视族妇的入谱而轻视族女、外亲与婿家的记栽,即所谓"有妇无女之例"。这种情况的造成,与宗族的提倡"敬宗收族"和宗族组织的庶民化有关。对于族女和婚家入谱的重视与否,成为宋元以来的私家谱新例与以往重门第婚的官家谱旧例的明显区隔,在清代谱例中也表现出理念上的差别,这种差别以纪昀和朱次琦的谱例最有代表性。清代仍有不少族谱鳊纂者倡言恢复中古时代重视女性入谱的笔法,晚清随着新观念的影响日深而赋予了时代的内涵。

Female record in genealogy was emphasized on married women from other clans rather than clan women and female relatives in the Qing Dynasty due to changes of civil tradition and new ideas different from those of the Song Dynasty. This paper explores gradual changes of female record in genealogy in cases of Ji Yun and Zhu Ciqi.There were some genealogical compilers who tried to restore the old way of female record in the middle age.But new ideas in the late Qing introduced changes of female record in genealogy.