摘要
目的:本文对澳大利亚4.5-16.5岁儿童睡眠问题进行评估,确定是否可通过调查表所反映的睡眠问题, 来预测睡眠问题报告中的结论。方法:通过医生对361 名儿童父母亲的调查访问,了解他们孩子最近6个月的睡眠情况进行分析评估。评估体系采用儿童睡眠障碍量表,其中包括6个引起睡眠紊乱的因素,1个睡眠问题总评分。
Aims: To evaluate the frequency of sleep problems in Australian children aged 4. 5 - 16. 5 years, and to determine whether the frequency of sleep problems on questionnaire predicts the reporting of sleep problems at consultation. Methods: Parents of 361 children (aged 4. 5-16. 5 years) attending their general practitioner for 'sick' visits were asked to assess their child's sleep over the previous six months using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, from which six sleep 'disorder' factors and a total sleep problem score were obtained. Results: The percentage of childrenwith a total sleep problem score indicative of clinical significance (T score > 70 or > 95th centile) was 24. 6% (89/361) . Despite this high frequency, parents only addressed sleep problems in 4. 1% (13/317) of cases and reported that GPs discussed sleep problems in 7. 9% (25/317) of cases. Of the 79 children who reported total sleep problem T scores in the clinical range, only 13.9% (11/79) discussed sleep with their general practitioner within the previous 12 months. Regression analyses revealed an age related decrease in problems with sleep-wake transition and sleep related obstructive breathing; sleep hyperhydrosis, initiating and maintaining sleep, and excessive daytime sleepiness did not significantly decrease with age. No significant gender differences were observed. Conclusions: Results suggest that chronic sleep problems in Australian children are significantly under-reported by parents during general practice consultations despite a relatively high frequency across all age groups. Given the impact on children and families, there is a need for increased awareness of children's sleep problems in the community and for these to be more ac- tively addressed at consultation.
