中国自然保护重要历史文物——福建天宝岩禁碑的发现与科学价值

The Discovery and the Scientific Value of Significant Historical Relics about China's Natural Conservation:Protective Steles in Tianbaoyan of Fujian

中国古代文化具有朴素的自然保护观,禁约文化和禁碑在历史上对自然资源的保护曾起到过重要作用。2002年,在福建天宝岩国家级自然保护区发现了反映中国自然保护史的重要文物——三块文字完整的清朝禁碑。通过对碑文文字的辨识和解读,我们发现禁碑的主要内容除了严禁采伐竹木、保护好森林外,还包含着许多规范乡民生产、生活方式的内容,而且具备了比较全面的就地保护的管理办法,从中可以看出我国最早的自然保护区的雏形。文章讨论了禁碑对于自然保护的历史意义,指出它们对于塑造和保持群众的自然保护观念以及协调自然保护与生产生活的关系等方面具有重要作用,对于研究自然保护区的管理和立法具有重要的科学价值,对于在当前保护区管理中做好社区宣传、联防、共建管理等方面的工作也有很强的借鉴意义。

The Chinese ancient civilization has simple and natural conservation view,Restraint culture and stele have played great roles in natural resources protection in the history.In 2002,three protective steles with intact epitaphs were found in Tianbaoyan. National Nature Reserve in Fujian Province,which were significant historical relics about China's natural conservation.After the recognition and annotation of the epitaphs,it is found that main contents of the epitaphs were about standardizing the production and life style of local folks besides strictly prohibiting cutting bamboos and trees,protecting the forests.With quite comprehensive in situ conservation methods,the ernbryo of the earliest nature reserve of China could be seen from them.Then the historical significance of these steles to natural conservation of Tianbaoyan was discussed and it was addressed that the steles were important for molding and maintaining the people's conservation ideas,coordinating the relationship between conservation and production.It is also sure that these steles have significant scientific values in the management and legislation of natural reserves,and they are helpful to improve the working ability of communities' propagandize,joint defense and co-construction in the management of natural reserves.