关于女性对乳房自我检查需求的调查及其健康教育

A Survey of Demands of Female for Breast Self-examination and Health Education

目的 :调查女性乳房自我检查及健康教育需求情况。方法 :选取唐山市 2 0岁以上的非乳腺癌病人及非医务工作者的知识女性、普通女工、农村妇女96 3名 ,采用分层抽样 ,利用自行设计的问卷进行资料收集。结果 :只有 7.79%的妇女经常定期做乳房自我检查 ,30 .43%的妇女有时做 ,6 1.79%的妇女不做 ;不做的主要原因是5 2 .96 %的妇女不知道怎么做 ,2 5 .75 %的妇女不知道需要做 ;掌握乳房自我检查技术者只有 10 .90 %;知识女性做乳房自我检查的比例高于普通女工和农村妇女 ;99.0 6 %的妇女认为开展健康教育有必要。结论 :妇女乳房自检的知识与技能亟待提高 ,积极开展社区健康教育 ,并且将普通女工、农村妇女作为健康教育的重点对象 ;加强妇女对乳腺癌高危因素的认识和防癌意识。

Objective: to investigate the demands of female for both breast self-examination and health education. A total of 963 non-breast-cancer women at the age of over 20 in Tangshan city were investigated. Among them, some are non-medical but intellectual female staffs, some are ordinary female workers and some of them are from countryside. Method: stratification sampling were adopted and self-designed questionnaire was applied in data collection. Results: only 7.79% of women performed breast self-examination at a regular time. 30.43% of women performed the examination now and then. 61.79% of them did not conduct the breast self-examination. The main reasons for those hadn't performed the examination were 52.96% of them didn't know how to do it and 25.75% of them didn't know that it is needed to do it. Only 10.90% of those who do know breast self-examination but hadn't conduct it. The ratio of doing breast self-examination of intellectual females was higher than that of both ordinary female workers and women from countryside. 99.06% investigated females thought that it is essential to start health education. Conclusion: knowledge and skills about breast self-examination of females is urgently need to be promoted. For this purpose, one should propel community health education and take those ordinary female workers and women from countryside as key subject. One should also strengthen the knowledge of females towards the high risk factors of mammary cancer and their cancer-prevention consciousness.