辣椒果实钙吸收累积的基因型差异及其生理特征

Genotypic differences and physiological characteristics of calcium uptake and accumulation of pepper(Capsicum frutescens)

采用砂培试验研究了 16个辣椒品种对Ca吸收累积的基因型差异和产生差异的生理特征。结果表明 ,在不同供Ca水平下 ,辣椒果实Ca含量的品种间差异明显 ,按供Ca水平与果实Ca累积关系 ,将其分为 :不敏感型 (低Ca时果实Ca降幅 <10 % ,高Ca时变幅± 5 % )、敏感型 (低Ca时果实Ca降幅 >10 % ,高Ca时降幅 >10 % )和增Ca潜力型 (果实Ca随供Ca水平提高而提高 ,增幅 >10 % )三个基因型。比较讨论了三类基因型品种在根系形态特征、叶片蒸腾速率和CAT活性的差异 ,说明辣椒吸收养分及适应能力、蒸腾速率。

The genotypic differences of calcium uptake and accumulation of 16 pepper species and the physiological characteristics caused by the differences were studied through experiments of cultivation in arenaceous quartz. The results showed that the differences of calcium content in the pepper fruits were significant among the species when supplied with different levels of calcium. The 16 species were divided into 3 genotypes: 1) tolerant genotype (When supplied with low level of calcium, the calcium content in the pepper fruit decreased <10%. When supplied with high level of calcium, the calcium content in pepper fruit varied ±5%). 2) susceptible genotype (When supplied with low level of calcium, the calcium content in the pepper fruit decreased >10%. When supplied with high level of calcium, the calcium content in the pepper fruit decreased >10%). 3) genotype with potentiality to increase calcium content (The calcium content in the pepper fruit increased >10% with the increase of calcium supply). Comparison and discussion were made on the differences between typical species of the 3 genotypes in morphological characteristic of roots, transpiration rate of leaves and catlase activity. It was made clear that pepper's nutrients uptake, adaptability, transpiration rate, self-protection and rehabilitation of biomembrane were closely correlated with calcium nutrition genotype.