论《水浒传》梁山聚义的起因、性质和结局

Of the Origin,Character,Ending and Others of Gathering for Justice on Liangshan Mountain in All Men Are Brothers

《水浒传》中梁山英雄们进行的是一次自发的对上层统治集团的暴力反抗活动 ,不是一场有预先准备、精心组织的农民起义。他们被“逼上梁山”,从个体来看 ,大多并不是由于朝廷的压迫 ,而是由于自身的原因或为梁山集团所逼 ;但是从群体的角度来看 ,这么多人被逼上梁山 ,仍然反映了深刻的社会危机。从这一角度来看 ,《水浒传》仍然表达了“官逼民反”的思想 ,只是这“民”主要是流民阶层。正是由于其流民集团的性质 ,导致其最后走上失败之路。因此 ,梁山招安就具有必然性。

This article holds that the rebellion carried by brave men on Liangshan Mountain is a spontaneous violent movement, not a well prepared peasants' uprising. From the individual perspective, most of them were driven to rebel not because of the oppressive government; but from the group perspective, their rebellion still reflected the deep social crisis. Therefore, that “being oppressed by officials and masses revolt against them” is the real subject of All Men Are Brothers. The masses here refer to the stratum whose people flee hither and thither. It is the character of the stratum that lead to their failure. Consequently, accepting amnesty is their inevitable fate.