杂交水稻主要米质性状的配合力分析——Ⅰ.直链淀粉含量

The Analysis of Combining Ability for Major Grain Quality of Hybrid Rices——I Amylose Content

选取杂交水稻4个不育系和9个恢复系按不完全双列杂交配组得到36个杂交组合,测定了108个小区(3次重复)稻米的直链淀粉含量,旨在分析杂交水稻亲本直链淀粉含量的一般配合力(gca)和组合的特殊配合力(sca),以期为优质杂交稻米亲本选育和组合选配提供一定的参考依据。结果表明:对F_1稻米直链淀粉含量的影响,亲本间和组合间均存在显著或极显著差异。亲本不育系珍汕97A和恢复系明恢63的gca最好,而sca最好的是汕优63。gca低(高)的两亲本,其F_1稻米的直链淀粉含量一般也低(高)。但由于亲本间存在相互作用,这一现象并不存在于所有组合。在优质杂交稻米亲本选育和组合选配过程中,既要注意亲本(特别是恢复系)本身的特性和一般配合力效应,也要考虑组合的特殊配合力效应。

We obtained 36 hybrid combinations of hybrid rices by partial diallel crosses, using 4 male sterile lines and 9 restoring lines. The amylose content (a. c) of grain for 108 plots (3—replications was tested to aim at studying general combining ability (g. c. a) and specific combining ability (s. c. a) on a. c of hybrid rices, for the purpose of offering certain references for parent selection and combining mating of hybrid rices. The results show that there exist vastly significant variations among the parents and the combinations, for the effect on amylose content of F_1 grain.The g. c. a of zhenshan 97 A sterile line and minghui 63 restoring line Were better, but the s. c. a for Xian—you 63 was the best. Generally speaking, the a. c of their F_1 Was lower (higher) if the g. c. a of two parents were better (worse). But because of the influence between parents, this phenomenon does not appear in all the combinations. So in the cause of parent selection and combining mating of hybrid rice breeding, both the charaters and g. c. a effect of parents showld be considered, especially restoring lines, and the s. c. a of hybrid combination also needs equal consideration.