杂交水稻种子裂颖研究

A STUDY ON GLUME-OPEN IN SEEDS OF HYBRID RICE

杂稻种子存在着严重的裂颖现象。本研究表明,经过脱粒和干燥的汕优63种子的实粒裂颖率为16.3%。在贮藏过程中,裂颖粒种子的生活力迅速衰退,严重影响混合种子群体的发芽及幼苗生长。裂颖是不育系的一种遗传特性,某些制种措施不恰当的脱粒和干燥也会加剧裂颖。选育闭颖能力强的不育系、改进制种技术等可防止或减少裂颖。生产上通过选种尽量剔除裂颖粒,采用湿润浸种、旱育秧等措施可减经裂颖粒的危害。

There is a serious phenomenon of glume-open in seeds of hybrid rice. Results in the experiment have been Studied are as follows: (1)percentage of glume—open in seeds of Sanyou 63 is 16.3% after thrashing and drying; (2)the vitality of glume—open seed during the storage will be declined rapidly,and also sprouting of mixed seeds and growth of seedlings will be affected seriously; (3)glume—open is a hereditary character of male—sterile line of rice, glume—open will be increased by some of reproductive measures and non—proper thrashing and drying; (4)the phenomenon of glume—open can be decreased or avioded by means of selecting male—sterile line which has strong capacity to glume—close and improving technique of reproducing seeds; (5)harm of glume—open can be reduced through selection of seeds and soaking of seeds and seedling culture in dry seedling-bed.