二恶英——遍布全球的环境污染物

Dioxin as Environmental Contaminant All over the World

综述了环境中二恶英及类二恶英的来源、主要特性及污染水平。人类焚烧城市垃圾、医疗废弃物及工业废弃物等固体废物 ,燃烧各种燃料 ,制造和施用含氯农药以及冶金、造纸、化工、饮水消毒等产业都无意识地向环境中排放二恶英及类二恶英。由于它们在环境中极其稳定 ,无论在原野、在大气还是在水域 ,到处都有它们的踪迹。同时 ,由于有着良好的脂溶性 ,它们很容易通过食物链传递而生物累积到动物和人体中。因而 ,人类的二恶英污染是非常普遍且相当严重的 ,它们往往出现在人体的血液、脂肪。

This is a review on the emission sources,major characteristics and exposure levels of dioxins(PCDD/F S) and dioxin like compounds in environment.Incineration of some solid waste and 80 on,such as ciril refuse,medical treatmant waste,industry waste and so on,combustion of various fuels,production and use of organohalogen agricultural chemecals and other industries,such as metallurgy,papermaking,chemical industry,disinfecting potable water and so on,anconsciously caused emissions of dioxins and dioxin like compounds in environment.Because dioxins and dioxin like compounds present very stable charactristic in environment,they can be found everywhere in field,in atmosphere and in waters.At the same time,by food chain transfer they are easily bioaccumulated to animal and human bodies for their good fat solubility.Therefore,the dioxion exposure of humanity is universal and grave.They can often be found in blood,adipose tissure,liver and breast milk.