商品林地土壤物理性质演变与抗蚀性能的评价

Assessment on Evolving Law of Soil Physical Properties and Erosion Resistance of Land With Different Commercial Forest

以天然马尾松林为参照 ,分析了 5种人工商品林地土壤物理性质和抗蚀性能的演变趋势。结果表明 :5种商品林中 ,毛竹和青梅林土壤粘粒含量出现了明显减少的趋势。早竹和毛竹林土壤大于 1mm大团聚体含量和大于0 .2 5 mm水稳性团聚体总量均显著高于天然马尾松林 ,0～ 0 .2 m土层分别达到了 34.6 6 % ,73.35 %和 2 7.2 5 % ,6 4 .0 7% ,而人工杉木林和青梅林土壤团聚体含量明显减少 ,茶园土壤则保持和天然马尾松林相同的水平。早竹地土壤总孔隙度和通气孔度也显著高于天然马尾松林 ,0～ 0 .2 m土层分别达到了 5 7.6 4 %和 18.74 % ,毛竹和茶园土壤则接近天然马尾松林 ,而人工杉木林和青梅林土壤总孔隙度和通气孔度均显示下降。5种商品林中早竹、毛竹和茶园土壤抗蚀能力较强 ,特别是早竹和毛竹土壤抗侵蚀能力超过了天然马尾松林 ,而人工杉木林和青梅林土壤抗蚀能力较弱 ,容易产生水土流失 。

On the contrast of Pinus massoniana,evolving law of soil physical properties and erosion of land with five different commercial forests were studied. Soil clay particle amount was detected decreasing under Phyllostachy pubescens and Prunus mume forest. The content of soil (0～0.2m horizon )aggregate (d>1mm) and water stable aggregate ( d>0.25 mm) are increased apparently in Phyllostachy praecox (34.66% and 27.25% respectively ) and Phyllostachy pubescens(73.35% and 64.07% respectively ) stands compared with natural Pinus massoniana, however, Cunninghmia lanceilata and Prunus mume were just on the contrary case, and Camellia sinensis kept in the same level with Pinus massoniana. Phyllostachy pubescens and Prunus mume soil (0～0.2m horizon) had higher total porosity and aeration porosity (57.64% and 18.74% ) compared with natural Pinus massoniana, however, Cunninghmia lanceilata and Prunus mume were still on the contrary situations. Comparison on 5 kinds of planted commercial stands, soil erosion resistance of Phyllostachys praecox and Phyllostachy pubescens are the strongest, which almost equal to or stranger than that of Pinus massoniana. The weakest ones are Cunninghmia lanceilata and Prunus mume stands. Erosion is easy to occur in these two kinds of forest, the prevent measure should be carried out.