论收入差距对中国乡城迁移决策的影响

The Impacts of Income Gaps on Rural-Urban Migration Decisions in China

本文利用问卷调查数据 ,分析了城乡收入差距对中国劳动力迁移的影响 ,以及收入差距的来源。结果表明 :(1)收入差距在迁移决策中起着显著作用。 (2 )在消除了样本选择性偏差的影响后 ,女性的城乡收入差距要高于男性。 (3)在男性的收入差距中 ,迁移者和非迁移者在素质上的差异占主导地位 ;而女性的收入差距主要决定于城乡劳动力市场的工资差别。

Using survey data from China, this article examines the effects of income gaps on migration decisions and the sources of these gaps. The econometric results support the hypothesis that income gaps significantly influence migration decisions. Moreover, we show that when income levels are corrected for selection bias, the urban to rural income gap is larger for women than for men. In the decomposition of income gaps, we find that for men, the individual characteristics play a more important role than the gain in returns to attributes; for women, their income gap is mainly determined by the differences in returns to attributes.