冠心病患者颈总动脉超声检测与评价

Ultrasonic measurement and evaluation in common carotid artery in patients with coronary heart disease

目的 :研究冠心病患者颈总动脉超声与正常人之间的差异。 方法 :采用二维彩色多普勒超声检测 5 8例冠心病患者和 2 0例相同年龄组正常人的颈总动脉内径、内中膜厚度 (IMT)、斑块发生率和部分血流动力学参数 ,将结果进行对比分析。结果 :冠心病组与正常人组比较 ,颈总动脉 IMT明显增厚 (P<0 .0 1) ,管径增宽 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,血流速度降低 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ,斑块探测率 (5 3.45 %vs8.33%)明显增高。同时 ,根据斑块之强回声、低回声和混合性回声声像图 ,可明确区分硬斑、软斑和混合斑。结论 :颈总动脉的 IMT、斑块发生率等与冠心病相关联。超声能简便、准确地对颈总动脉进行检测 ,为判断动脉粥样硬化、进而为诊断冠心病提供有价值的指标。

Objective: To study the difference of common carotid artery(CCA) ultrasonography between the patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) and normal subjects. Methods: The lumen, intimal medial thickness(IMT),plaque event rate, and hemodynamics parameters of CCA in 58 patients with CHD and 20 normal subjects were measured by two-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound (2D-CDUS).The results were compared and analyzed. Results: In CHD group, IMT was thickened remarkably(P< 0.01), and the lumen enlarged(P< 0.05); The blood flow velocity lowered(P< 0.05 or P< 0.01), and plaque event rate(53.45%) increased distinctly. Meanwhile, the plaque characters, such as'hard plaque','soft plaque' and 'mixed plaque' were distinguished with hyper-echoic, hypo-echoic and mixed echoic. Conclusion: There is an association between IMT, plaque event rate, ect. of CCA and CHD. Ultrasonic measurement of CCA is simple, valid and reliable. All this provide valuable index for judging atherosclerosis and diagnosing of CHD.