饶阳工区微生物控制油井结蜡技术及其现场应用

Technology of Controlling Paraffin Deposition in Production Wells by Using Microorganisms and Its Application at District Raoyang

简述了微生物清防蜡原理及菌种筛选。所用菌种为已商品化的 4种兼性厌氧的烃氧化菌 ,生存温度 0～10 0℃ ,生长温度 2 0～ 6 0℃ ,最佳生长温度 30～ 4 5℃ ,4 0℃时在饶阳 3口井的原油中培养 4 0h ,菌数达到峰值 ,培养80h后菌数仍保持高值。将一种实验菌与 3口井的原油在 35～ 4 0℃培养 4 8h后 ,原油 4 5℃粘度降低 2 0 %～ 30 % ,凝固点降低 2～ 3℃ ,动、静态防蜡率达 93%～ 97%。介绍了微生物清防蜡的选井原则、工艺程序和方法。 10口试验井停止热洗和化学清防蜡 ,每隔 30d通过油套环空将 5 0～ 15 0kg菌液稀释后注入井筒泵下 ,油井功图正常 ,抽油机电流稳定中有所降低 ,有 5口井产油量略有增加。该技术经济上可行。

The principles of microbial paraffin deposite removal and inhibition and the selection of bacteria species are introduced briefly. The bacteria species used in this work are four commercial facultative aerobic hydrocarbon oxydizing bacteria with temperatures of survival 0-100℃, of growth 20-60℃, and of optimal growth 30-45℃. In mixture with crude oils from 3 wells of Raoyang, the population of these bacteria reaches its peak value after 40 hrs of cultivation at 40℃ and maintains the high value after addilional 40 hrs. Cultivation of one bacteria species in mixture with the 3 crude oils at 35-40℃ in 48 hrs leads to reduction in oil viscosity at 45℃ by 20-30%, depression of oil pour point by 2-3℃ and waxing inhibition rates at static and dynamic conditions of 93-97%. The well selection principles and the technologic ways and procedure for microbial waxing control are described. Without any hot water washing or chemical methods of prafffin control applied, 10 production wells are treated every 30 days by a bacteria culture of dosage 50-150 kg diluted with water, which is introduced into the wells through annuli down to the pumps and the indicator diagramms are normal, pump current keeps stable or lowered, and the oil productivity of 5 wells is slight increased. This technology is benificial economically.